Phrygian "GORDIUM"
was Turkish "KÖRDÜyÜM"
--- In bcn2003-II@yahoogroups.com, Polat Kaya
<tntr@C...> wrote:
Dear friends,
Greetings to all.
In this
presentation I will highlight the Phrygian word GORDIUM, i.e.,
the GORDIAN KNOT
and its relation to Turkish. Some may wonder what
could be the
relation of Turkish with this ancient legend? Please
allow me to guide
you through the scenario. First the legend and the
background.
1. The story
relating the "Gordian knot" or the "Gordium" given in
Encyclopaedia
Britanniaca, {1963, Vol. 10, p. 524] is as follows:
"According to
the legend, Gordium was founded by Gordius, a Phrygian
peasant who had
been called to the throne by his country-men in
obedience to an
oracle of Zeus commanding them to select the first
person that rode up
to the temple of the god, and another oracle
declared that
whoever succeded in untying the strangely entwined knot
of cornel bark
which bound the yoke to the pole should reign over all
Asia. Alexander the
Great, according to the story, cut the knot by a
stroke of his
sword. Gordium was captured and destroyed by the Gauls
soon after 189 B.C.
and disappeared from history. In Imperial times
only a small
village existed on the site."
2. The Columbia
Electronic Encyclopedia [Copyright © 2003, Columbia
University Press]
online in internet gives the following accounts of
the Gordium and
Gordius:
"Gordium,
ancient city of Asia Minor, in Phrygia and later Galatia,
now in Turkey, 50
mi (80 km) SW of Ankara. It was the capital of
Phrygia from c.1000
to 800 B.C. Excavations conducted since 1950 have
revealed Hittite,
Phrygian, Persian, Gallo-Grecian, and Greco-Roman
remains. Gordius
was the legendary founder of the city, and it was
here that Alexander
the Great is said to have cut the Gordian knot. It
is also known as
Gordion."
"Gordius, in
Greek mythology, was king of Phrygia. An oracle had told
the Phrygians that
the king who would put an end to their troubles was
approaching in an
oxcart, and, thus, when Gordius, a peasant, appeared
in his wagon, he
was hailed king. In gratitude, Gordius dedicated his
wagon to Zeus and
attached the pole to the yoke with a knot that
defied efforts to
untie it. This was the Gordian knot. An oracle
declared that he
who untied it would become leader of all Asia. A
later legend states
that when Alexander the Great came to Phrygia, he
severed the knot
with one blow of his sword. Hence the saying, "to cut
the Gordian
knot," meaning to solve a perplexing problem with a single
bold action."
3. The internet
site by Jona Lendering
[http://www.livius.org/gi-gr/gordium/gordium.htm] gives the following
information
regarding Gordium:
"Gordium:
capital of ancient Phrygia, modern Yassihüyük. Gordium is
situated on the
place where the ancient Royal road between Lydia and
Assyria/Babylonia
crosses the river Sangarus, which flows from central
Anatolia to the
Black Sea. of the road are still visible. In the ninth
century BCE, city
became the capital of the Phrygians, a Thracian
tribe that had
invaded and settled in Asia. They created a large
kingdom, that
occupied the greater part of Turkey west of the Halys."
ANALYSIS OF THE
LEGEND
This story is an
ancient puzzle and metaphor. It involves ancient Tur
peoples, their
sky-god names and their language. Although, the story
has been related
down to us as Greek mythology, the names given in the
story are Turkish
based. Therefore it is an important evidence for the
ancientness of the
Turkish speaking peoples and the Turkish language.
First of all, the
name GORDIUM and the GORDIAN KNOT associated with it
as described in
this legendary story are related to an entwined knot
that cannot be
untied because the ends are somehow lost and/or
entangled. In
Turkish culture and language, the word for such a knot
is
"GORDIGUM" (KÖRDÜGÜM) meaning "Blind Knot". The second
letter G
between I and U is
a soft or silent G or Y generally used to connect
adjacent vowels.
Thus GORDIUM is a composite name made up from
Turkish
"KÖR" meaning "BLIND" plus Turkish "DÜGÜM"
(DÜYÜM) meaning
"KNOT".
While the present day Turkish word describing such a knot is
"KÖRDÜGÜM",
the word in different dialects of Turkish may take the
form of
"GORDIGUM", "GORDIUM", "KÖRDIUM" or
"KÖRDÜYÜM" all describing
the same kind of
entangled situation.
This correspondence
in the concept of the knot and its name "GORDIUM"
is evidence similar
to finding a Turkish inscription written on stone
dating from the
Phrygian time of 1000 B. C.. It indicates that both
the ancient
Phrygians and Turks called this kind of knot by the same
name. Hence, it can
be said that the Phrygians were Turkish speaking
people contrary to
claims that they were Indo-European. It also shows
that the Turkish
word "GORDIGUM" ("KÖRDÜGÜM") was already an
established word of
Turkish, and the culture associated with it is at
least as old as the
Phrygians themselves and even older (3000+ years).
Phrygians are said
to be from Thracia and thus were Thracians. But
the name THRACIA is
an anagram of Turkish expression "TIRAK" (TURUK,
TURK, ETRAK) + ÖYÜ
(IA)" meaning "home of Turks". This indicates
that the ancestors
of Turks were in Thracia and in Asia Minor at least
since the second millenium
B. C.
Secondly, the story
called "Gordian knot" refers to the knot tied
by Gordius.
Additionally, the name refers to difficult states that
can be overcome
only by the application of unusual or bold measures.
In Turkish,
difficult situations are also expressed with the
expression
"blind knot" (kördügüm). The English word "Gordian" is a
variation of
"Gordion" and "Gordium". In either case, GORDION or
GORDIUM, the
Turkish word "KÖR" meaning "BLIND" is embedded in it.
Thus the
"Gordian knot" would be a "knot made by a "blind person"
implying that the
person had difficulty in doing a proper knot.
Gordion also
contains the Turkish word "kördi" meaning "he was blind".
On the other hand,
the name GORDIAN (Gordion) also has the Turkish
word
"GÖR", meaning "see", embedded in it. Thus two opposing
concepts, i.e.,
"blind", and "seeing" are combined in the same word
GORDIAN (Gordion)
at the same time. Gordian also contains the Turkish
word
"GÖRDI" (kördi) meaning "he saw".
So here we have a
situation where the name GORDIAN contains opposite
meanings (expressed
in Turkish) - and therefore the name itself is a
"Gordian
knot". While this double identity itself may be confusing,
when it is viewed
in the context of the ancient Turanian Sky-God,
it becomes quite
logical.
The double identity
(duality) was an important feature of the ancient
Turanian
Sky-Father-God OGUZ who, by having the SUN as his right eye
(sag göz, gören
göz), was the "Seeing Lord", and by having the MOON as
his left eye, that
is, "not seeing eye", was the "Blind Lord". These
two opposing
concepts were being expressed by the very similar Turkish
words
"GÖR" and "KÖR" respectively.
A very prominent
feature of Turkish is that both the "positive" and
the
"negative" can be expressed with the same infix or suffix
"ME/MA",
as in the case of
"GELME" which can mean "act of coming" in one sense
or "do not
come" in another sense. Similarly, "gülme" (act of
laughing) vs.
"gülme" (do not laugh), "okuma" (act of reading) vs.
"okuma"
(do not read), "yeme" (act of eating) vs. "yeme" (do not
eat),
etc. This
identifies Turkish as being a language of godly features.
Many Turkish words
contain the names and attributes of the ancient
Turanian Sky-God.
Turkish suffix "-tur" is a prominent example of it.
That is why it is
an OGUZ language, TUR language, and hence GÜN
(SUN) language.
Ancient Tur (OGUZ)
rulers traditionally took titles that would
describe themselves
and their country in the name of the sky-god in a
hidden way. For
example, the name PHRYGIAN seems to be one such
name. When it is
rearranged as "PIRGYHAN", it is an anagram of
Turkish expression
"PIR GöY HAN" (Bir Gök Han) meaning "One-Sky-Lord"
which is named
after the ancient Turanian Sky-God. Thus the
name "PIR GÖY
HAN" for "PHRYGIAN" is another indication that
Phrygians were
Turkish speaking Tur/Turk peoples in Asia Minor
contrary to claims
that they are Indo-European. "PIR GÖY HAN" is
very much the same
as the Turkish "BIR GÖK TENGRI".
In the story the
Phrygian peasant who was elected as the king of
GORDIUM is said to
have the name GORDIUS. GORDIUS also contains
Turkish
"GÖRDI" meaning "He saw" and Turkish "KÖRDI"
meaning "He was
blind".
Additionally, it has the US suffix which is a form of Turkish
OGUZ - representing
the Turanian Sky God. When US (UZ, OGUZ) is added
to GORDI, it
becomes GORDIUS meaning either "OGUZ was Seeing" or "OGUZ
was Blind" -
which is a major feature of the ancient Turanian Sky God.
Additionally, the
ancient Turkish peoples were known as OGUZ people.
The name OGUZ took
the forms of UZ, OZ, OUZ, GUZ, OGUZ and many more
in which Z/S and
S/Z transformation were done readily. Thus in the
GORDIUS story, the
Phrygian peasant coming in the oxcart (Turkish
"öküz
arabasi") must have been an Oguz man (Tur/Turk).
So the name GORDIUS
has opposite meanings of "seeing" and "not seeing"
embedded in it -
just like GORDIAN (GORDION) and KORGOZ which are the
names of the
ancient Turanian sky-god Oguz. It is thus understood
that the city of
Gordium was named after the Turanian sky-god which
was an ancient
Turanian tradition of naming cities. Hence, in this
ancient puzzle, a
play on Turkish words is occurring in naming the
characters of the
story. All of the names in the story revolve
around one duality
concept of Sky-God OGUZ, i.e., "seeing" and "not
seeing."
It is said that
Alexander the Great, instead of trying to open the
Gordian knot, cut
it with one stroke of his sword which ended the
GORDIUM. There
seems to be an untold story here, that is,
the start of the
conquests of Alexander the Great also started the
demolition of the
ancient Turanian world, its civilization and the
Sky-God Oguz
religion. With it the confusion aimed at the ancient
world language of
Turkish also gained speed.
With this analysis
of GORDIUM, I have shown that the Phrygian name
GORDIUM is the same
as the Turkish word "GORDIUM" (KÖRDÜGÜM) meaning
"BLIND
KNOT" which makes the Phrygians an ancient Turkish speaking
Turanian people.
Even the name TUR-OY (anagrammatized as TROY) as
part of the
Phrygian state, identifies itself as being TUR people. If
European linguists
found such a correspondence between the Phrygian
language and any of
the so-called Indo-European languages, they would
have declared
conclusively that Phrygians were "Indo-Europeans". Yet
without having any
basis for it, they still claim that Phrygians were
Indo-Europeans.
This is similar to a gold prospector "staking" a claim
by simply hammering
a stick into the ground with his name on it and
declaring "this
is mine now". It seems a similar game is also being
played in
linguistics by simply claiming that "this" is Indo-European
and
"that" is Indo-European etc. in the hope that others will be
intimidated and not
question it.
European scholars
have artificially defined the "Turks" and their
Turkish language as
being recent in history. According to their
artificial rules,
there has been no Turkish speaking people
either in Asia
Minor or in Europe earlier than, say, Atilla the Hun.
They keep
forgetting or conveniently ignoring the fact that ancient
Asia, Europe and
North Africa were a Turkic speaking Turanian world
before the Aryans.
In that context, Anatolia was also inhabited by
the Turkic speaking
peoples almost at all stages of its history, just
like the European
geography was before the arrival of Greeks or any
other
non-Turanians. They have artificially set the date of 1071 as
the first
appearance of Turks in Anatolia and the Middle East - as if
Turks never existed
before this date. With this false definition,
Turks are
automatically eliminated from the early history of the world
and also from any
linguistic comparison prior to 1071. Yet nothing can
be further from the
truth. As I have said many times, Turkish was
present with the
Sumerians, the Masarians, the Minoans, the Phrygians,
the Etruscans, the
Thracians, etc., and Turkish was the root language
for the
manufactured Indo-European and Semitic languages.
Best wishes to all,
Polat Kaya
August 22, 2003